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.Are moth-eaten (shto>brwta ge>gonen).Lit., have become moth-eaten.Only here in New Testament, but compare skwlhko>brwtov, eaten ofworms, Acts 12:23; and see Matthew 6:19, 20.3.Is cankered (kati>wtai).Only here in New Testament, from ijo>v, rust,as in the following sentence.Also poison, as ch.3:8.The prepositionkata>indicates thoroughness, completely rusted.Flesh (tarkav).The noun is plural: the fleshy parts of the body.SoSept.(2 Kings 9:36): the flesh (tarkav) of Jezebel.So Revelation19:18.4.Reaped down (ajmhsa>ntwn).Only here in New Testament.Theprimary meaning is to reap corn; also in classical Greek of mowing downin battle.The secondary, which some mistake for the primary sense, is togather, as for harvest.Rev., mowed. 805Fields (cw>rav).The more general word, place, for ajgro>v, the ordinaryword for a field; though the usage is warranted by classical Greek, andoccurs Luke 12:16; John 4:35, the only two instances besides this in theNew Testament.It implies a larger tract than ajgro>v, as is evident in all theNew Testament passages cited.In two cases it refers to a rich man sestates; and in John 4:35, the Lord directs the attention of the disciples toa broad area or series of fields.Crieth (kra>zei).An inarticulate cry.Compare Genesis 4:10.Lord of Sabaoth.Lord of hosts.The only instance in which the phrase isused by a New Testament writer.Romans 9:29, is quoted from Isaiah 1:9.5.Ye have lived in pleasure (ejtrufh>sate).Only here in NewTestament.See on 2 Peter 2:13, on the kindred noun trufh>, riot or revel.Rev., ye have lived delicately.Been wanton (ejspatalh>sate).Only here and 1 Timothy 5:6. Etrufh>sate denotes dainty living: this word, luxurious or prodigalliving.Rev., taken your pleasure, is colorless, and is no improvement onthe A.V.As in a day of slaughter (wJv ejn hJme>ra| sfagh~v).All the best texts rejectwJv, as.The meaning of the passage is disputed.Some find the key to it inthe words last days (ver.3).The phrase day of slaughter is used for a dayof judgment, Jeremiah 12:3; 25:34 (Sept.).According to this, the meaningis, the day of judgment, at the supposed near coming of Christ.Othersexplain that these men are like beasts, which, on the very day of theirslaughter, gorge themselves in unconscious security.7.Be patient (makroqumh>sate).From makro>v, long, and qumo>v, soul orspirit but with the sense of strong passion, stronger even than ojrgh>,anger, as is maintained by Schmidt ( Synonymik ), who describes qumo>vas a tumultuous welling of the whole spirit; a mighty emotion which seizesand moves the whole inner man.Hence the restraint impliedin,akroqumi>a is most correctly expressed by long-suffering, which is itsusual rendering in the New Testament.It is a patient holding out under 806trial; a long-protracted restraint of the soul from yielding to passion,especially the passion of anger.In the New Testament the word and itscognates are sometimes rendered by patient or patience, which conceals thedistinction from uJpomonh>, uniformly rendered patience, and signifyingpersistent endurance, whether in action or suffering.As Trench observes, uJpomonh>is perseverantia and patientia both in one. Thus BishopEllicott: The brave patience with which the Christian contends againstthe various hindrances, persecutions, and temptations that befall him in hisconflict with the inward and outward world. Upomonh>contains anelement of manliness Thus Plato joins it with the adverb ajndrikw~v, in amanly way, and contrasts it with ajna>ndrwv, unmanly, cowardly.roqumi>a is exercised toward persons; uJpomonh>, toward things.Theformer is ascribed to God as an attribute (Luke 18:7; 1 Peter 3:20; 2 Peter3:9, 15), the latter never; for the God of patience (Romans 15:5) is the Godwho imparts patience to his children. There can be no resistance to Godnor burden upon him, the Almighty, from things.Therefore uJpomonh>cannot find place in him (Trench).Rev.retains A.V., be patient.Thethought links itself naturally with that in the preceding verse: the righteousdoth not resist.Therefore.Since things are so.Referring to the condition of thingsdescribed in the previous passage.Brethren.In contrast with the rich just addressed.Waiteth (ejkde>cetai).With expectation.Compare Matthew 13:30; Mark4:27.The early and latter rain (uJetoimoa kaiav).Only here in New Testament.The word does not mean the endurance of affliction, but affliction itself.Hence, Rev., rightly, suffering.The prophets.Compare Matthew 5:12.11.Endure (uJpome>nontav).Present participle.But the later texts readuJpomei>nantav, the aorist participle, which endured; referring to theprophets in the past ages.So Rev.On endured and patience, see on ver.7.The end of the Lord (tolov kuri>ou).A peculiar expression.Thehappy conclusion to which God brought Job s trials.Very pitiful and of tender mercy (polusplagcno>v kairmwn).The former adjective only here in New Testament; the latter here and Luke6:36.Rev., full of pity and merciful.Polusplagcno>v, is from polu>vmuch, and spla>gcna the nobler entrails, used like our heart, as the seat ofthe emotions.Hence the term bowels in the A.V.(Philippians 1:8;Colossians 3:12, etc.).Compare eu]splagcnoi, tender-hearted, Ephesians4:32
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